Refuse vehicle and the like



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PATENT OFFICE" REFUSE VEHICLE AND THE I 1 Louis Noyer, Paris, France, alllgnor, by means as- -signments,toGai-WoodIndustrles,Inc.,De-

troit, illicit, a corporation of Michigan cam-.1 No. 2,091,519, ems August :1, 1931, Se-

rial No. 30,719, July 10, 1935. Application for reissue August 14, 1938, Serial No. 290,010. In

Belgium AW 8, 1934 '20 Claims. (Cl. 214-67).

The present invention has for its object a ve- 'hicle for the transport of all kinds of material and more particularly household waste, and the like.

According to the invention, the loading takes place at the rear of the vehicle body and the refuse or like material drops by gravity just in front of the rear panel of said body which re,- ceives alternating pivoting movements of relatively small amplitude, serving to distribute the material in the vehicle body and to push or pack it down after'it has been loaded, and while the loading takes place.

In the accompanying drawings given by way I. of example:

Fig. l is a longitudinal section of the rear part of a vehicle according to the invention,

Fig. 2 is a similar view showing the vehicle in the discharge position,

N Fig. 3 is a ,view of the retaining screen,

Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic view of a hydraulic control mechanism,

Figs. 5, 6 and? show various embodiments of packing joints for the panel,

28 Fig. 8 is a front view of another construction of the retaining screen in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 9,

Fig. 9 is a corresponding side view, Figs. 10 and 11 show diagrammatically further 80 embodiments of the retaining screen,

Fig. 12 is a side view 01 another embodiment of the invention,

Fig. 13 is a vertical section view of the embodiment shown in Fig. 12, showing some parts in 88 another position,

Fig. 14 is a diagrammatical .view in horizontal section of the embodiment shown in Fig. 12, and

Fig. 15 is a dragrammatical view of the embodiment shown in Fig. 12, showing the truck body in the dumping position.

As shown in Figs. 1 to 3, the vehicle comprises a frame I on which is pivoted at 2 a body or tank 3 adapted to contain the refuse to be collected and transported. The rear wall of said body is mainly formed by a panel 4 which is pivoted at its upper end at 8 and is provided at its upper part with a loading aperture I. Said aperture is covered by a flexible curtain 9 of leather or the 50 .iike in order to retain the dust in the body. The bottom wall ll of the truck body is provided with a rear extension I! having the form of a portion of cylinder whose axis coincides with the pivoting axis of panel I. Said curved extension rises as progressively from itsrear end and merges into the flat bottom of the truck body without any raised part along the line of junction.

The lower edge of the panel is normally in contact with said rear extension. It is preferably provided with a. packing band ll of rubber or the like. A similar packing band, not shown, is provided along the vertical edges of the panel.

On the lateral walls of the body, inside the same, are mounted hydraulic jacks comprising a cylinder ,IB containing a piston l8. Oil or another fluid under pressure is fed'by flexible pipes I8, I 9 to either end of the cylinder. As shown diagrammatically in Fig. 4 the. pipes II, I! are connected through a two-way cock Ill to the delivery end of a pump 2| and to the feeding tank 22 for said pump respectively. The cock is rotated intermittently over a quarter turn by hand or any other desired means.

To the rod 25 of piston I6 is pivoted a connecting rod 26 having at its free end an elongated slot 21 through which extends a removable pin 28 engaging through a link 30 which is pivotally connected to one arm of a bell crank lever II pivoted at 32 on the rear panel 4 of the truck body.

On the inner side of the panel 4 is provided a vertically movable shutter 35 which is carried by a cable 36 guided over a pulley 31 and attached at its opposite end to the other arm of the bell crank lever 3|.

In the body or tank is provided a retaining screen 40 for the packed material, which extends across the tank. Said screen comprises a flat box or casing in which are vertically guided a set of prongs or like members ll secured by pairs on cross members 42 (Fig. 3). Each of said cross members carries a piston 44 movable in a cylinder 45 which is in communication by pipe 46 with the feed tank of the pump. Springs 50 urge the cross members 42 downwardly whereby the prongs ll protrude through the bottom wall of casing 40.

The retaining screen is freely suspended by trunnions 5| in the side walls of the truck body. It is normally retained in the position shown in Fig. 1 by pawls or stops it which are secured on stud shafts 58 and held in operative position by springs 51. On each stud shaft 56 is keyed at the outside of the body, a lever 60 pivotally connected with a connecting rod 6| which is pivoted at a suitable point 62 on the vehicle frame,

The operation is as follows: the parts being in the position shown in Fig. 1, the refuse is col- .lected and dropped through the loading aperture 1 on the curved extension ii of the tank bottom. Inviewofthelowieveloftherear end of extension I! the loading aperture is itself on a low level and the loading is thereby facilitated. When a suihcient amount of refuse has thus been loaded, the cock II is actuated so as to bring oil under pressure below piston II. The piston is thereby moved towards the right end, when the end wall of the slot 21 in connecting rod 26 engages with the pin II, the bell crank lever Ii is rotated and the shutter SI is raised in front of the loading aperture so that the refuse collected does not risk to fall back and is safely retained in the tank. The panel 4 itself is thereafter driven upwardly by the connecting rod 20 through the medium of the lever II. In said movement the curved wall I! of the tank bottom is swept by the lower edge of the panel and the refuse deposited on the rear part of said curved wall I2 is thus progressively raised along said wall and pushed under compression upon the bottom ll of the body. Thereafter the cock II is rotated so that the piston it is returned to the left and the panel 4 is thus returned to its initial position as well as the shutter Ii.

Asmore refuseisdroppedlnthebody,itis progressively packed therein by the oscillating movement of the panel as described above. When thebulkof refuseinthebodyissuchthatit would tend to fall backward towards the loading aperture, the retaining screen being in the position shown in Fig. l with the prom protruding downwardly will act effectively to prevent this. Itwillbenotedthatassoonasthepanellis moved inwardly, oil under pressure is admitted by pipe it in the cylinders ll of the screen and the prongs ll are thereby retracted upwardly so that the height of the passageway above the upper portion of the curved wall I! for the incoming refuse is increased. When the cock ll is rotated so as to reverse the movement of the piston II the oil pressure drops in the cylinders ti and the prongs are immediatelyreturned to their lower position by the springs ll.

When it is desired to dicharge the refuse, the removable pin It is disengaged from the slot Il andlinkilandthewholetruckbodyistipped rearwardly-about the axis 2 in a well known manner, by means of hydraulic Jacks or other usual means not shown. In this movement, the rod" willactuponthepawlllinsuchmanner that the screen will be disengaged from the pawl and will thus fall by gravity to a vertical position -asshowninl"ig.2. Therefusecanthnsbe dumped easily.

Whenthetruckbodyisrestoredto'thehorisontal position, the rear panel I and screen ll will assumeavertical position and the connecting rod 20 can be attached to the-link ll. In the nextinwardstrokeofthepanehthescreenwill bepushedbysaidpaneltoitsnormalposition mwmch'itwmberetsinedby'tbepawl is.

Figs. 6, 6 and 7 show various embodiments of the packing arrangement for the edges of the- -panel. AsshowninI'ig.5,thepackingarrange-' mentfortheloweredgecomprisesaninclined bladeflofsheetmetalwhichhsscuredtothe.

lowerpartofthepanelbyarubberstripiiacting as a hinge. Arigidplatell issecured onthe loweredgeofthepanellinordertoretainthe bladellmoperativeposition. Asshowninsaid iigure,thebottomwallofthebodymaybeprovidedwithaslopingeatensionllinorderto makesurethat-thebladewillengage upo i botton wallintlieinwariistrokeofthepahcl.

ligatand'lshowapaekingarrangmtfor the vertical edges of the panel. It comprises a rubber strip 1! reinforced with canvas and held 1 between two oblique sheet metal pieces II. when the panel enters the vehicle body for the first time after a dumping operation, the strip II is driven back and folded up as shown in Fig. 6.

Later on and due to the oscillation of the panel in the truck body, the strip will straighten out and act as a scrapenas shown in Fig. '1.

Figs. 8 and 9 show another arrangement of the retaining screen. As shown in said figures, the rear panel I of thetruck'body is secured on a horizontal cross shaft 16 having sectors ll secured thereto. The screen consists of a frame or grating comprising vertical bars ll pivotally mounted on the shaft 18 and connected to each other at their lower ends by a horizontal bar 1|. Some of the vertical bars I. are provided with guides ll in which the prongs 82 are adapted to slide. Each prong has a stud 04 working in a slot ll provided in a lever arm .1 which is pivoted at 88 on lugs ll of the frame. Each arm '1 is connected by a cable I! to a corresponding sector ll and is urged downwardly by a spring N.

The prongs l! are normally held intheir lower position by the springs .04 acting on the arms .1. When the rear panel isswung inwards, the

' sectors 10 are rotated with the shaft is and the cables I! move the arms I] upwardly whereby the prongs rise so as to clear the passageway for the refuse. When the rear panel is brought back to its normal position, the prongs are returned to their lower retaining-position. The screen is held in its retaining position by adiustable pawls ll similar to pawls Ii above described.

Figs. 10 and 11 show diagrammatically simpler constructions of the retaining screen according to Fig. 10, the screen III, which may be solid or constituted by a grating, is suspended to lever arms ill pivoted at it! on the truck body; Each lever arm III is connected by a link ill to slug or bar I secured to the rear panel. When the rear panel is moved inwards, the lug I raises the arm Ill and thereby the retaining screen.;

The screen is guided on spring controlled tappets Ill adapted to project inwardly from the side wallsofthetruckbodyandcooperatingwithlugs ill carried by the screen.

'Asshown inl 'lg. ll, springs III are arranged between the rar panel I and the pivoted screen ill. Said spring! are sufilciently strong to normally keep the screen in its retaining position.

Theyarecompressedbytherearpanelinitsin-.

which a lifting device for the refuse is arranged lean'iedonitsinnerfaeebelowtheloadaperture aboxorche'still adapted'to enter thetruckbodyabovethefiap Ill. Theupper f inFigJSandtheverticalsidewalls'oftheM onacrossshaft III aniihasaloaiiins'aper ofsaid chest slopes-downwardly as shown laarepsovidedwlthextensiohs ill soastoclose thespaceabovesaidches'tonbothsides.

I" having a loading aperture III in the lower part of its rear wall and containing a loading bucket Ill. Said bucket is hoisted by means of cables II. passing over pulleys I38, I" (Fig. 14) Ill, Ill, I". I" and actuated by means of a hydraulic jack I". Thebucket is guided in the casing I32 in such manner that it will tip downwardly when it reaches the upper end of its stroke, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 13, so as to discharge the refuse over the chest I".

The rear panel I25 together with chest IIII and casing I82 receives an oscillating movement from the pistons I" (Fig. 14) of two hydraulic jacks I 55 which can be mounted, as diagrammatically shown in Fig. 14 on the outer face of the side walls of the truck body. The piston rods of said jacks are connected by connecting rods III with the rear panel, a detachable connection being provided at I". The control of the fluid under pressure in the jacks I" can be effected by means similar to those described above. When the rear panel is moved by the jacks from the position shown in Fig. 13 to the position shown in Fig. 12, the refuse dropped by the bucket in front of the chest I" is forced and compressed by said chest into the truck body.

In the arrangement described, the material is discharged by tilting the whole truck body and at the same time raising the rear panel I25 together with the adjoining chest and casing as shown in Fig. 15. The truck body is tilted by means of hydraulic jacks I (Fig. 12) arranged at the front part of the vehicle frame, in a well known manner.

n the cross shaft I21 carrying the rear panel, are loosely mounted two sectors I62, each sector having a shoulder I63 adapted to engage a cor- .responding lug I65 (Fig. 12) provided on casing I32. On each sector IE2 is attached a cable I61 guided on pulleys I68, I69 and attached at IIII to the vehicle frame. When the connecting rods III of jacks I55 have been detached from the rear panel and the body is tilted, as shown in Fig. 15, the sectors I62 are thereby rotated and after a short idle stroke, the shoulder I83 on the sectors comes into engagement with the lug IS! on casing I82 and the panel is raised together with chest I30 and easing I32 so that the material is easily discharged.

The sectors I52 might be secured on the cross shaft I21. The arrangement described is however advantageous inasmuch as in their normal position, the sectors can thus be kept to a lower level, which reduces the height of the vehicle.

Having now described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. A vehicle for the transport of household waste and like material, comprising a truck body adapted to receive said material, a panel adapted to act as a closing rear panel for said body and as a compressing member for the refuse in said truck body, said panel having a loading aperture therein and being pivoted at its upper horizontal edge on said truck body and controlling means adapted to impart to said rear panel an oscillatory motion about its upper horizontal edge for the purpose of packing the material in the truck body.

2. A vehicle according to claim 1, wherein said rear panel is pivoted substantially at the rear horizontal upper edge of the truck body.

3. A refuse vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of said truck body comprises a cylindrical rear portion adapted to be swept over by the lower edge of the rear panel and extending upwardly to the main part of said bottom. the axis of'said cylindrical portion coinciding with the axis of oscillation of said rear panel.

4. A vehicle according to claim 1. further comprising flexible packing members along the edges of said rear panel.

5. A vehicle according to claim 1 and further comprising a flap-like member adapted to close the lower part of said loading aperture during, the packing movement. s

. 6. A vehicle according to claim 1, wherein loading aperture is provided in the rear panel and further comprising flexible curtain means adapted to cover the said loading aperture.

'7. A vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising a retaining screen inside said truck body for holding the material which already has been packed down and preventing itfrom falling down and occupying the free space in front of the inner side of said panel.

8. A vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising a retaining screen in said truck body for the packed material, a horizontal shaft on which said screen is pivotally mounted and adjustable stops adapted to hold the screen in the retaining position.

9. A vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising a retaining screen in said truck body for the packed material and means whereby the passageway between the bottom of the truck body and the lower edge of said screen is increased during the packing.

10. A vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising a retaining screen in said body, said screen comprising a supporting member pivoted on a horizontal shaft, retaining members movably mounted on said supporting member, and means for moving said retaining members with respect to the supporting member.

11. A vehicle according to claim 1,, in which the truck body is pivoted at its rear part on the vehicle frame and the said controlling means are mounted on the body, and are detachabiy connected with the said panel.

12. A vehicle according to claim 1, in which the truck body is pivoted at its rear part on the vehicle frame and further comprising a retaining screen in the said body for the packed material, a horizontal shaft on which the said screen is pivotally mounted, adjustable stops for holding the screen in the retaining position, and means operatively connected with the vehicle frame, and adapted to move said stops to the inoperative position when the body is tilted with respect to the frame.

13. In a refuse vehicle, the combination of a body adapted to have refuse packed therein. a refuse receiving hopper adjacent the lower portion of said body, power means for elevating refuse placed in said hopper to a point adjacent the upper portion of said body and discharging it into said body, and power means for compressing and packing the discharged refuse intosaid body.

14. A structure as defined in claim 13 characterized by having hydraulically actuated means for compressing and packing the refuse into the body.

15. A structure as defined in claim 13 characterized by having hydraulically actuated means .for elevating the refuse.

16. A structure as defined in claim 13 characterized by having hydraulically actuated means for elevating the refuse, and hydraulically actuated means for compressing and packing the refuse into the body.

17. In a refuse vehicle, the combination of a body adapted to have refuse packed therein, a rear end closure for said body pivoted thereto adjacent the upper edge thereof on a horiaontally disposed pivot, a bucket adapted to receive refuse vertically movable on said rear end closure, means for moving said bucket from a position adjacent the bottom of said body to a point adjacent the top thereof and for disa charging refuse from said bucket into said body.

and power means for compressing and packing the discharged refuse into said J 18. A structure as defined in claim 17 charaam acterized w having hydraulically actuated means for moving the bucket. Y

19. A structure as defined in claim 17 characterized by having hydraulically actuated means for compressing and packing the discharged refuse into the body;

20. A structure as defined in claim 17 characterized by having hydraulically actuated means for moving the bucket upwardly and discharging its contents into the body, and hydraulically actuated means for compressing and packing the discharged refuse within the 10m NOYER. 

